Self-discrepancy Theory

Self-discrepancy theory is a psychological theory that explains how people’s self-concept can be influenced by the comparison of their actual self to their ideal self and ought self. According to this theory, people have multiple self-concepts, including their actual self, which is their perception of who they currently are, their ideal self, which is their perception of who they want to be, and their ought self, which is their perception of who they should be based on external expectations and obligations.

In cyberpsychology, self-discrepancy theory has been applied to understand the impact of online interactions on individuals’ self-concept. Social media and other online platforms provide opportunities for individuals to compare themselves to others and to present themselves in a certain way to gain acceptance and validation. These online interactions can lead to a discrepancy between individuals’ actual self and ideal self, and can result in negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem.

Moreover, online interactions can also create a discrepancy between individuals’ actual self and ought self. This can happen when individuals feel obligated to behave or present themselves in a certain way online, such as presenting themselves in a professional manner on LinkedIn or presenting a perfect image on Instagram. These expectations can create pressure and stress, leading to a negative impact on their self-concept.

Self-discrepancy theory suggests that individuals who have a larger discrepancy between their actual self and ideal self or ought self are more likely to experience negative emotions and have lower self-esteem. However, individuals who have a smaller discrepancy are more likely to have positive emotions and higher self-esteem.

In conclusion, self-discrepancy theory provides a framework for understanding how online interactions can impact individuals’ self-concept in cyberpsychology. It highlights the importance of managing expectations and pressures from online interactions to maintain a healthy self-concept. It is crucial for individuals to be aware of the potential impact of online interactions on their self-concept and take steps to manage their online behavior to maintain a positive self-image.

Keywords: Online interaction, negative emotions, positive emotions, online behavior, healthy self-concept, social media